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90 matches to Stern
Acid Rain. 1940-. Rain and fog of pH<5.5 caused by industrial air pollution. Prevalent in North America, Eastern Europe.
Anjou. Region, former province of western France. Under English 1151-1204, 1360. 1480 France. Angevin.
Athos, Mt. 963-. Greek theocracy, site of Orthodox monasteries.
Balkans. Inhabited c6000BC. 6C BC Illyria. 148BC Rome(Illyricum)(N). 285 Byzantine(E). 4-7C Goths, Avars, Huns, Ostrogoths, Lombards, Slavs, Bulgars, Serbs invade. 890 Bulgar Empire. 1159 Serbian empire. 1389 Ottoman. 1699 Austria(E,N)/Venice(S,W). 19C Eastern Question. Albania. Bosnia-Herzegovina. Bulgaria. Croatia. Greece. Macedonia. Montenegro. Romania. Serbia. Slovenia. Yugoslavia.
Barbarians. Greek = foreigners. Roman term for Goths, Huns and Vandals who conquered Western Empire 3-6C.
Bartók, Bela. 1881-1945. Modern Hungarian Nationalist composer. Bridged Hungarian folk to Western music.
Basil, St. 330-79. Founder of Basilians...Greek Orthodox Church.
Brussels, Treaty. 1948. = Western Union. 50 year alliance of Britain, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands. 1954 + W Germany, Italy.
Buffalo Bill. (William Cody). 1846-1917. US western adventurer, showman.
Bulge, Battle. 1945. Last German offensive on the Western Front at Ardennes. WWII.
Byzantine Empire. 395-1453. Eastern Roman Empire. Reduced by: 634 Caliphate Empire, 1042 Seljuks, 1204 Crusaders’ Latin Empire, 1453 Ottoman Empire.
Ceausescu, Nicolae. 1918-89. Repressive Romanian dictator, 1965-. Advocated independence from USSR and western ties. Economic policy led to food, energy shortages. Overthrown and executed.
Charlemagne. c742-814. King of France 768-. Restored Western Roman Empire, 800.
Crusades. 1095-1272. European Christian wars to regain Holy Land after Seljuk Turks take Jerusalem in 1072. Literature and the arts benefitted from Eastern cultural infusion. Peasants 1096. Annihilated. First. 1096-99. Genoa financed Godfrey of Bouillon to recapture Jerusalem. Only successful crusade. Second. 1147-49. Louis VII and Conrad III pillage Byzantium. Third. 1189-92. Richard I and Philip II Truce with Saladin allows access to Jerusalem. Fourth. 1202-4. French and Flemish nobles conquer, sack Constantinople, form Latin Empire. Childrens. 1212. Stephen of Cloyes led 30,000 unarmed French youths. Nicholas of Cologne led 20,000 German. All died or enslaved. Fifth. 1218-21. John of Brienne in Egypt. Sixth. 1228-29. Frederick II crowned king of Jerusalem. Seventh. 1248-54. St Louis of France captured by Egypt and ransomed. Eighth. 1270. St Louis dies of plague. Ninth. 1271-2. Prince Edward of England.
East-West Schism. 1054. Separation of Roman and Eastern Catholic churches over filioque.
Eastern Crisis. 1839-41. British suppression of Muhammed Ali’s Egyptian expansion.
Eastern Empire. Byzantine Empire.
Eastern Orthodoxy. Branch of Christianity. East-West Schism.
Eastern Question. 19-20C. Instability caused by decline of Turkish rule led to Crimean War and WWI.
Empire of the East. 286-1453. Eastern Roman Empire ruled from Byzantium. =Byzantine Emp.
Empire of the West. 286-476. Rome and Western part of Roman Empire. Ends 476, Romulus Augustulus deposed.
Empire of the West. 800-. State founded by Charlemagne, continued to 1806 as the Holy Roman Empire. Succeeded Roman Emperor of the West. Split Eastern kingdoms.
Faisal II. 1935-58. Pro-western last Iraqi king 1939-. Killed in coup.
Florence, Union of. 1439. Brief reconciliation of Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox Churches.
Gallienus, Publius. -268 Roman Emperor. 253-. Lost Gaul, eastern areas. Revolt of 30 Tyrants.