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306 matches to France
Communist Party. USSR. 1918. Name adopted by Bolsheviks for Social Democratic Workers’ Party. Parties started in Britain, USA, Austria, France, Italy, Spain, Germany soon after.
Comoros. 8C Moslem. 1527 Europeans explore. 1886 France. 1975 Independent.
Concini, Concino. -1617. Italian favourite of Marie de Medici. Marshal of France. Executed.
Conscription. 1793. Carnot devised first compulsory military service for France. Used in Egypt’s Old Kingdom.
Corbeil, Treaty. 1258. France, Aragon. Settled territorial disputes.
Corsica. 6C BC Phocaean. Etruscan. 278BC Carthage. 259BC Rome. 5C Vandal. 6C Byzantine. 8C Papacy. 10C Saracen. 1077 Pisa. 1296 Genoa, Aragon dispute. 1569 Genoa. 1768 France. 1794 Britain. 1796 France 1814-15 British occupy. WWII Germans occupy.
Coty, René. 1882-1962. President of France, 1954-59. Algerian Crisis 1958, led to return of deGaulle.
Crépy, Treaty. 1544. Ends 23 years of war between Holy Roman Empire and France.
Crimean War. 1853-6. Russian attempt to get a Mediterranean port stopped by Turkey, England, France, Sardinia. Dispute over Holy places in Palestine.
Crispi, Francesco. 1819-1901. Italian Prime Minister 1887~96. Thousand.
Crusades. 1095-1272. European Christian wars to regain Holy Land after Seljuk Turks take Jerusalem in 1072. Literature and the arts benefitted from Eastern cultural infusion. Peasants 1096. Annihilated. First. 1096-99. Genoa financed Godfrey of Bouillon to recapture Jerusalem. Only successful crusade. Second. 1147-49. Louis VII and Conrad III pillage Byzantium. Third. 1189-92. Richard I and Philip II Truce with Saladin allows access to Jerusalem. Fourth. 1202-4. French and Flemish nobles conquer, sack Constantinople, form Latin Empire. Childrens. 1212. Stephen of Cloyes led 30,000 unarmed French youths. Nicholas of Cologne led 20,000 German. All died or enslaved. Fifth. 1218-21. John of Brienne in Egypt. Sixth. 1228-29. Frederick II crowned king of Jerusalem. Seventh. 1248-54. St Louis of France captured by Egypt and ransomed. Eighth. 1270. St Louis dies of plague. Ninth. 1271-2. Prince Edward of England.
Denis, St. -250. Patron St. of France, martyred first bishop of Paris. Carried his head to St-Denis Abbey.
Dominican Republic. Arawak. 1492 Columbus discovers. Spain 1795 France 1801 Haiti. 1809 Sp. 1822 Haiti. 1844 Independent.
Dreyfus, Alfred. 1859-1935. Jewish French officer. Trial divided France, 1894-1906. Unjustly sent to Devil’s Island on forged evidence. Zola. Esterhazy.
Dual Alliance. 1879-1918. Austria-Germany...Triple Alliance. 1891-1914. Secret, France-Russia. Caused Germany to declare war on France when attacking Russia. WWI.
Dunes, Battle. 1658. England, France defeat Spanish. Fronde.
Dunkirk, Evacuation. 1940. 340,000 Allied troops from N France.
Edinburgh, Treaty. 1560. France and England withdraw from Scotland.
Edward, The Black Prince. 1330-76. Son of Edward III. Victor at Poitiers, 1356. Captured John II of France.
Edward III. 1312-77. King of England 1327-. Claimed crown of France, causing Hundred Years War.
Émigrés. Royalist sympathizers who fled France during Revolution.
Empire. First. France under Napoleon I 1804-14. 2nd. Napoleon III, 1852-70.
Etaples, Treaty. 1492. England renounces claim to France, except Calais.
Eudes. 860-98. King of France in 888. Defended Paris against the Norse in 885.
Eugénie. 1826-1920. Spanish Empress of France, 1853-70.